名词与形容词定语的区别名词搭配的语境限定

名词与形容词定语的区别名词搭配的语境限定
名词与形容词定语的区别
[例] There have been sports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.(2004全国高考III·改错)
[析] 形容词和名词都可作定语，但有时含义有别，有时则出现错误。如可说a golden medal(一块镀金奖牌/一块金色的奖牌)，也可以说a gold medal (一块金牌); 但可说a chemistry teacher(化学老师)，而不可说a chemical teacher(化学原料做的老师?)，但可说a chemical works(一家化工厂)。据此可见，此题中的“个人信息”不应用person information表达。
另应注意，除man, woman常用“单单 (a woman doctor)”、“复复 (two women doctors)”式，及一些特殊词，如a goods ship, the sports shoes, a clothes shop等以外，用作修饰词的名词，一般都要用单数式。如： a lady doctor, two lady doctors等。

与动词或介词构成的固定搭配
[例] It is said that dogs will keep you _____ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.
A. safety B. company C. house D. friend
[析] 无论是动宾结构还是介宾结构，有时名词虽然近义，但却不能主观臆断，而要选择固定的搭配式。本题的keep sb company就是一个典型的固定搭配式，意为“与……为伴”。
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名词搭配的语境限定
[例] You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of ________. (2006广东高考)
A. date B. shape C. order D. balance
[析] out of date 意为“过期，不时髦”;out of shape意思是“不成形的”;out of order就是in disorder，意为“乱七八糟的”。搭配并无问题，而意义决定了B是正确答案。

名词的同、近义词辨析
[例] I’m sure David will be able to find the library—he has a pretty good ______ of direction.
A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense
[析] 名词的同、近义词辨析，不仅仅较多地应用于书面表达，而且还可以较为灵活地设题于单项填空、完形填空或短文改错题中。本题的四个近义词选项中，sense的“意识”性更强，因而答案选D。
常易设题的同、近义名词有如下各组：
(1)cause, reason, excuse, explanation; (2)family, home, house, room, space;
(3)sign, signal, mark, example, symbol; (4)award, reward, prize, money;
(5)value, price, cost, charge; (6)kind, sort, type, variety;
(7)range, reach, distance, length; (8)news, word, message, information, notice;
(9)energy, force, strength, power; (10)accident, incident, affair, event, business, matter;
(11)practice, training, exercise, drill;

单句语法填空
1．He is likely to share(share) his experience with us.
2．Addicted(addict) to computer games, he lost interest in his study.
3．The best treatment(treat) for a cold is to rest and drink lots of water.
4．It's illegal(legal) to read people's private letters without permission.
5．The situation in that area has changed out of all recognisation(recognise) in the past few years.

根据提示补全句子
1．我大约有4年时间沉迷于电子游戏中。(addict)
I went through about four years of being addicted to video games.
2．如果你买十本以上的书，他们会把价格降低10%。(reduce)
If you buy more than ten books, they will reduce the price by 10 percent.
3．林肯被认为是美国最伟大的总统之一。(recognise)
Lincoln is recognised as/to be one of the greatest presidents in America.
4．我从没说过我会把我的新书给她。绝不可能！(likely)
I never said I'd give her my new books.Not likely!
5．无论你做什么，都不能违背自然规律。(whatever)
Whatever you do, you can't go against nature.